Woven material



Nov. 6, 1928. 1,690,776

F; R. ELsroN WOVEN MATERIAL Filed Feb. 15, 1928 #fro/Mika.

Patented Nov.: 6, 1928.

UNITI-:n STATES PAT-ENTVOFFICE.

FREDERICK R. ELSATON, F PHILADELPVHIIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 BENJAMIN F. MILLER, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

wovEN MATERIAL application inea :February 1a, 19ers.v serial No. 253,969.

This invention relates to a woven material and particularly to a material having a mottled appearance.

Instead of dyeing a lmaterial uniformly 5 with one color or weaving a uniformly colored material with thread of a single color, it has been found desirable to produce a material having, when viewed from a dist-ance, the appearance of uniform coloring by imlo parting thereto a mottled surface consisting of irregularly placed-small patches. of dif-l ferent colors. The appearance of this material upon close inspection is pleasing, particularly if the patches of different colors are ir- :5 regularly, placed rather than aligned in regular pattern.

Heretofore-it has been. customary to produce such mottled effects either` by weaving the cloth with yarn produced by twisting strands of different colors whereby the colors would be visible alternately along the .yarn or by weaving the cloth from undyed or uniformly colored thread and then treating with i a resist and dyeing to produce irregular patches of color. Either of these prior methods involves additional costly steps which increase the cost of manufacture of material of this type. k A

The object of the present invention is the production of a fabric having the appearance described above which involves onlyweaving of different colored threads without requiring special yarn or special dyeing operations.

l Morev specifically the object of the present' invention is the production of a fabric having incorporated by a special weave a plurality of differently colored threads the numbers of which are so proportioned as to produce -a pleasin mottled eect. A further object is o the pro uction of such fabric Vwithout sacrificing the strength of the fabricby the use of a loose weave, the fabric forming the subject of this invention having the component threads tightly interwoven whereby a hard fabric of great resistance to wear is produced.

Another object is the correlation of an arrangement of warp and weft threads of various colors with a repeat of weave to producev a repeat of design of maximum extent so that the repeatof design will not be noticeable in the lfinished. fabric. y Other more specific objects of the invention y will become apparent during the following .in Fig. 1 consistslsdff light t description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a preferred embodiment of the improved fabric illustrating one repeat of weave of warp and filler; and

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic section through the warp threads atthe bottom of Fig. 1.

While it is immaterial so far as the finished cloth is concerned which threads arewarp and which are filler, for convenience in disclosure the vertically arranged threads shown in Fig. 1 will be referred to as warp threads while the horizontallyarranged threads will be referred to as filler threads. The warp threads shown are arranged in alternating groups ofktwo lightcolored threads a and Athree dark `colored threads b. Similarly the filler threads are arranged with light colored threads c alternating with groups of two dark colored threads d. Forexample, the dark threads mightTbe brown while the light threads might be grey, the -resulting fabric being brown, the. monotone of which would be relieved by the presence of spots of grey. If it is desired -to produce a light colored fabric having dark spots therein the lighter threads would, of course, predominate.

The repeat in the weave of both Warp and weft consists `of sixteen threads, the warps constituting one repeat being designated w1, w, w15, w13, and thellers being desig- Dated f1, f2 f War fw1 as shown read a which is the first of agroup of two. The `last warp w16 of the repeat also consists of a li ht thread a, the first of a' group. According y the first warp of the next repeat to the right will consist of the second llght thread a of a group,

the first warp of the second repeat to the right will consist of the first dark fthread b of a group, and so on. Consequently there will be five repeatsbefore the first warp again becomes the first lightthread of a group. In other words the pattern will not repeat horizontally for eighty threads. Similarly, since three and sixteen contain no common factor,

the pattern will not'repeat vertically for forty eight threads. Thus it is that a repeat of pat-tern measuring eighty peat of sixteen threads. Because of the great by forty eight threads is obtainable by weaving with a reentirely unnoticeable and the effect is cloth Without .any visible pattern.

While the successive repeats would normally be similar, they may b'e different, for example` one repeat maybe the reverse of an adjacent repeat. Any repeat of pattern wtihin the repeat of weave is also prevented inthe fabric dis` closedsince, it will be observed, no warp or weft follows the same course as any other warp or weft in the repeat. While the crossings may be, and as shown are, symmetrical about the center of the repeat, nevertheless, becauseof thel prime relationship between the numbers of threads in the repeated groups of warp and filler and the sixteen threads in the repeat, the symmetry cannot be noticed in the pattern.

Y It is obvious that the groupsof weft :might be similar to the groups of warp. It is desirable, however, to have one group consist 0.17:.l

a minimum number of threads to avoid large areas of one color. l

A tight close weave is obtained because, as shown, no thread passes either over or under more than three successive threads transverse thereto.

Of the warp threads. 60% are dark and 40% light. Of the filling threads 66.6% are' dark and 33.3% are light. Accordingly, on the average, 63.3% of the crossings will show the dark thread while 36.6% will show light thread. While one color is made to predomvvinate in both-Warp `and weft, it is clear that one color may predominate in warp and an other in weft.

'While by\ the arrangement shown repetitlon of pattern is abosultely prevented for a maximum extent-of cloth, it is clear that nuconsists of two threads of on'e color` and three ofv another color, and a second set of threads interwoven with the iirst set and consisting of successive groups each of which vconsists of one thread of one color and two of another color, the weave consisting of a repeat of weave of sixteen threads. 1n each direction whereby a pattern .having a mottled appearance is produced.y

In testimony of which invention, I have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia,.Penn Sylvania, on this 7th day of Feb., 1928.

FREDERICK R. ELsToN. 

